Recreation of a lunar base in 3D, with solar panels and food production. Credits: ESA

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Researchers at the University of Potsdam, Germany, have developed solar cells using simulated lunar dust, which could offer a sustainable energy solution for future space missions and lunar bases. These cells convert sunlight into electricity efficiently and have remarkable resistance to radiation, an essential characteristic for operating in the hostile environment of the Moon. ​

The manufacturing process involves melting simulated lunar regolith to create “moonglass”. This glass is combined with perovskites, a class of crystals known for their efficiency in converting solar energy and ease of manufacturing. The combination of moonglass and perovskites results in solar cells that, for every gram of material sent into space, can generate up to 100 times more energy than traditional solar panels.

Utilizing materials available on the lunar surface to manufacture solar cells in situ could significantly reduce the costs and logistical challenges associated with transporting materials from Earth. Additionally, these radiation-resistant solar cells could provide a reliable and sustainable energy source for future lunar colonies, facilitating long-duration missions and continued exploration of Earth’s natural satellite. ​

This advance represents a significant step towards energy self-sufficiency in space exploration and highlights the potential of lunar regolith as a key resource for infrastructure development on the Moon.